Thyroglobulin (Tg)

Thyroid thyroglobulin is a 660 kDa, a dimeric glycoprotein produced by the
follicular cells of the thyroid and released into the residual cavity of the
thyroid follicles; the entire process happens in the thyroid gland. TSH, iodine
deficiency in the thyroid, and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin can stimulate
Tg.

A thyroglobulin test mainly acts as a tumor marker test to help guide thyroid
cancer treatment.

Tg can distinguish congenital complete thyroid defect and hypothyroidism.
Thyroglobulin is also considered a specific marker of thyroid body integrity.

It is a tumor marker for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and can use as an
essential reference index for follow-up patients with differentiated thyroid
cancer after treatment. It can also distinguish subacute thyroiditis from
pseudo thyrotoxicosis.

Thyroglobulin Intro
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a macromolecular glycoprotein secreted by thyroid
follicular epithelial cells, most synthesized by thyroid cells and released
into the remnant cavity of thyroid follicles. Factors such as TSH, iodine
deficiency in the thyroid, and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin can stimulate
its production. In patients with congenital hypothyroidism, detection of Tg can
differentiate between complete thyroid defect and thyroid hypoplasia.
Thyroglobulin is also considered a specific marker of thyroid body shape
integrity. It is a tumor marker of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and can
be used as an important reference index for follow-up patients with
differentiated thyroid cancer after treatment. It can also use to differentiate
subacute thyroiditis from pseudothyrotoxicosis.

Thyroglobulin Antibody
Thyroglobulin antibody is a common autoantibody in the serum of patients with
autoimmune thyroid disease, mainly composed of IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4, and a
small part of IgA and IgM. After thyroglobulin antibodies bind to
thyroglobulin, they can interact with the bound antibodies through Fc
receptors, activate NK cells, and attack target cells, destroying thyroid
cells. It is generally believed that thyroglobulin antibodies have no damaging
effect on the thyroid gland.

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